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  • Monthly Review Essays
  •  | SA | MR Online

    Oligarchy and the subversion of democracy–warnings from South Africa

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on April 11, 2025 by Wim Naudé (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Apr 16, 2025)

    The world has an oligarchy problem.

  •  | Rhodes | MR Online

    The day Rhodes fell: Ten years after

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on April 9, 2025 by Heike Becker (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Apr 11, 2025)

    Ten years after one student’s bold action a month earlier inspired protests which led to the removal of Cecil John Rhodes’ statue at the University of Cape Town (UCT), Heike Becker recounts this historical occasion by linking this as well as subsequent and earlier protests to broader conversations about decolonization and concerns about racism, marginalization and inequality.

  •  | CLR James circa 1946 Photography by Carl Van Vechten Credit Countee Cullen Harold Jackman Collection Robert Woodruff Library Atlanta University Center | MR Online

    Amazing facts about CLR James’ African Studies

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on February 26, 2025 by Matthew Quest (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Mar 06, 2025)

    Matthew Quest questions why C.L.R. James is not widely recognized as a founder of African Studies.

  •  | Africa Remains at the Center of a 21st Century Cold War | MR Online

    Plundering Africa–Income deflation and unequal ecological exchange under structural adjustment programmes

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on February 28, 2025 by Dylan Sullivan (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  |

    Presenting new research, Dylan Sullivan and Jason Hickel mount a devastating critique of the impact of structural adjustment in Africa in the 1980s and 1990s. Drawing on recent data on Africa’s material resource use, Sullivan and Hickel show how during this period structural adjustment programmes led to a significant increase in ‘unequal ecological exchange’, a process whereby African countries were compelled to export more materials, energy, and other resources than they received in imports. The difference between the two, Sullivan and Hickel argue, represented a transfer of real tangible materials from Africa to the capitalist world economy, for free.

  •  | Mural painting in tribute to the martyrs of Thiaroye Dakar Sénégal photo credit Christophe Colomb Maléane | MR Online

    Interview with Mamadou Koné – A long, tragic history of the Senegalese Riflemen: A story of colonial racism and murder

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on January 29, 2025 by Pascal Bianchini (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Feb 08, 2025)

    In this interview, Mamadou Koné, curator at the Musée historique des forces armées du Sénégal, looks back at the long history of the Senegalese riflemen, the African troops employed by the French army during the colonial period.

  •  | South African liberation struggle | MR Online

    An interview with David Hemson – lessons from the South African liberation struggle

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on November 20, 2024 by Peter Dwyer (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Dec 05, 2024)

    ROAPE’s Peter Dwyer interviews the South African socialist David Hemson. Hemson was a leading labour militant and trade unionist during the mass working class uprising and strikes in Durban in 1973. In this introduction to the videoed interviews, Peter Dwyer discusses working class politics and the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, a history often forgotten or marginalised in popular accounts.

  •  | An uncredited cartoon depicting Otto von Bismarck at the Berlin Conference 1884 85 cutting a cake labeled Africa with a knife symbolizing the division of the continent 3 January 1885 | MR Online

    Carbon markets and the new scramble for African land

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on October 30, 2024 by Thelma Arko (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Nov 05, 2024)

    Writing for ROAPE, Thelma Arko argues that while often presented as a solution to the climate emergency, the growth of carbon offset markets are fueling a new scramble for African land and perpetuating colonial-era exploitation. We must move beyond market-based solutions, Arko urges, to embrace strategies that centre on social equity, ecological integrity, and the rights of local communities.

  •  | Imperialism and Africa | MR Online

    Imperialism and Africa

    Editor

    ROAPE’s Ray Bush introduces Volume 51 Issue 181 of the journal, a special 50th anniversary issue on imperialism and Africa.

  •  | A portrait of Arghiri Emmanuel Arghiri Emmanuel Association | MR Online

    Arghiri Emmanuel, the Free Republic of Congo, and socialism–not capitalism–first

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on September 11, 2024 by Héritier Ilonga (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Sep 14, 2024)

    Lumumba had seen hope in the African diaspora to invest what capital and skills it had in building the Congo. Arghiri Emmanuel made similar recommendations to Antoine Gizenga, Lumumba’s former deputy prime minister who led the rebel socialist Free Republic of Congo from December 12th 1960 to January 1962.

  •  | A portrait of Arghiri Emmanuel Arghiri Emmanuel Association | MR Online

    Arghiri Emmanuel, the law of unequal exchange, and the failures of liberation in the DR Congo

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on September 4, 2024 by Héritier Ilonga (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Sep 14, 2024)

    Writing about Arghiri Emmanuel’s Unequal Exchange, Jairus Banaji noted that it is “the closest Marxist counterpart I can think of to Fanon’s Wretched of the Earth”.

  •  | Voices for African Liberation | MR Online

    “Voices for African Liberation”

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on July 16, 2024 by Leo Zeilig, Chinedu Chukwudinma, and Ben Radley (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Jul 17, 2024)

    In 1974, 50 years ago, the newly launched Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE) journal boldly announced its intentions in the first editorial, “Appropriate analysis and the devising of a strategy for Africa’s revolution must be encouraged and we hope that the provision of this platform for discussion will assist that process”.

  •  | Digital training in Ghana Christian Yakubum 17 April 2024 | MR Online

    AI and the digital scramble for Africa

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on July 11, 2024 by Scott Timcke (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Jul 16, 2024)

    We are told that Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to be a powerful tool for advancing democratic concerns and human rights across Africa. Yet, there are also early indicators that AI could undermine democratic institutions and processes, especially if these technologies prioritise colonial-capitalist development trajectories. Scott Timcke looks at some of the issues at stake.

  •  | Anti Zuma protestors in Cape Town complaining of the junk status that South African debt became valued at during the Zuma presidency The term se poes is a slang insult in Cape Town 7 April 2017 | MR Online

    The beginning of the end of the ANC

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on June 6, 2024 by Luke Sinwell (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Jun 08, 2024)

    For the first time in South Africa’s 30 years of democracy, the African National Congress (ANC) failed to obtain a majority of votes making a coalition with other parties imminent. Luke Sinwell considers the consequences, and discusses the emergence of a new party, MK, led by Jacob Zuma. Sinwell looks at what has happened to the left, and its repeated failure to make any serious inroads into South Africa’s political scene.

  •  | Graffiti in Wale Street Cape Town Western Cape South Africa 2024 | MR Online

    Palestine, too, shall be free–the liberation of all oppressed people in the whole of Africa and the world

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on May 31, 2024 by Busani Ngcaweni (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Jun 04, 2024)

    Israel, as a settler colony, perceives Palestine as ‘empty land’, empty of people, culture, history and a future. Busani Ngcaweni argues that Palestinians are denied an identity and have become dis-membered, without a home, state or nation. There are striking similarities, Ngcaweni explains, between Israel’s ideology of racial subjugation by a ‘God-chosen people’ and apartheid South Africa’s belief in racial and religious superiority over an inferior black race.

  •  | Mark Duffield | MR Online

    An interconnected whole–an interview with Mark Duffield

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on May 9, 2024 by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) Staff (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted May 13, 2024)

    ROAPE interviews Mark Duffield about his life and work.

  •  | The Central African Republic has despite being at the centre of the continent been a country on the margins of global power since independence Despite a conflict which has lasted for more than a decade the country remains largely ignored Ben Jackson writes that while African conflicts are often underreported for example the war in Sudan barely gets a mention the situation in the Central African Republic demands our attention | MR Online

    The Central African Republic–the end of Françafrique and the return of imperialist competition

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on March 14, 2024 by Ben Jackson (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Mar 18, 2024)

    The Central African Republic has, despite being at the centre of the continent, been a country on the margins of global power since independence. Despite a conflict which has lasted for more than a decade, the country remains largely ignored. Ben Jackson writes that while African conflicts are often underreported, for example the war in Sudan barely gets a mention, the situation in the Central African Republic demands our attention.

  •  | Stamp of the Congo Brazzaville 1970 produced for the 100th anniversary of Lenins birthday | MR Online

    Learning from Lenin today

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on January 21, 2024 by Abiodun Olamosu (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Jan 25, 2024)

    One hundred years since Lenin’s death, Nigerian socialist Abiodun Olamosu describes of the revolutionary on his own political development. As the preeminent organiser of the Russian revolution, Lenin helped to determine the course of Olamosu’s life in Nigeria. Olamosu explores the development of Lenin’s work and legacy. He regards Stalin’s rise to power, and the Soviet Union, as an abomination to the body of ideas of Marxism and socialist internationalism.

  •  | our favourite radical reads from 2022 | MR Online

    ROAPE’s 2023 best reads for African radicals

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on December 21, 2023 by ROAPE’s Editorial Group (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Jan 04, 2024)

    Last year, for the first time on roape.net, members of ROAPE’s Editorial Group offered some of our favourite radical reads from 2022, new and old, fiction and non-fiction.

  •  | black revolutionary politics | MR Online

    Time to reclaim black revolutionary politics

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on December 19, 2023 by Mikayla Tillery (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Dec 22, 2023)

    Mikayla Tillery reviews Kevin Okoth’s Red Africa: Reclaiming Revolutionary Black Politics. She delves into Okoth’s incisive critique of Afro-pessimism, Negritude, and the academic misinterpretations of Franz Fanon. Tillery discusses Okoth’s arguments against the idea that Marxism is Eurocentric by examining the historical suppression of Marxism in Kenya. She reveals how he highlights the contributions of black revolutionaries and reframes Marxism as a potent force for decolonisation and anti-imperialism.

  •  | 10th anniversary of Kenya independence 16 January 2009 | MR Online

    Kenya – a loyal lieutenant of imperialism

    Originally published: ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy) on December 12, 2023 by Gathanga Ndung’u (more by ROAPE (Review of African Political Economy))  | (Posted Dec 15, 2023)

    On the 60th anniversary of Kenya’s independence, Gathanga Ndung’u writes that the country has spent decades as the loyal servant of imperialism. The country may have express highways, a busy international airport, a modern railway, and an emerging silicone savannah, but in reality, Kenya seeks only to endear itself to world leaders and potential investors through well-packaged imaginaries of the present and the future. Ndung’u lists some of Kenya’s extensive betrayals – not least support for Israel and the abandonment of Palestinians.

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Monthly Review Essays

  • US Imperialism in Crisis: Opportunities and Challenges to a Global Community with a Shared Future
    Sam-Kee Cheng  | A late 1940s Soviet poster showing a US military service member lounging on top of a German factory smoking a cigar The text beneath reads DER DOLLARIMPERIALISMUS dollar imperialism | MR Online

    1. Introduction The predominance of US economic, political and military power in the world was established at the end of the Second World War.1 With just 6.3 percent of global population, the United States held about 50 percent of the world wealth in 1948. As the only power which had used nuclear weapons on civilian […]

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